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The paper looks at how Islamic religion, culture, and law shape the lives and identities of hijra (a recognised transgender community) in Bangladesh. It argues that transgender people face stigma and exclusion because Islamic legal traditions and social norms lack clear guidance on gender diversity, so authorities and communities treat trans people differently. The author shows how religious interpretations, state policies, and cultural practices intersect to influence rights such as inheritance, marriage, and participation in religious life, often marginalising hijra despite legal recognition as a third gender.
The paper looks at how Islamic religion, culture, and law shape the lives and identities of hijra (a recognised transgender community) in Bangladesh. It argues that transgender people face stigma and exclusion because Islamic legal traditions and social norms lack clear guidance on gender diversity, so authorities and communities treat trans people differently. The author shows how religious interpretations, state policies, and cultural practices intersect to influence rights such as inheritance, marriage, and participation in religious life, often marginalising hijra despite legal recognition as a third gender.